As well as a description of the spaces themselves, it will be useful to say something about the desired adjacencies of spaces. How should they be positioned in relation to one another? Which spaces should be close to each other and which not?The desired adjacencies are usually determined by the logistical flows in the building, such as the flow of staff, visitors, suppliers, VIPs, goods, waste and equipment. For all these movements, it is vital that distances are short and routings logical. Common-sense examples of adjacency requirements are that the restaurant should be close to the delivery entrance or that the buildings conference centre should be close to the visitor entrance. Specific departments or groups of users may also need to be located in close proximity to each other to facilitate or encourage collaboration (see alsopage 109). ZoningAnother way to visualize spatial relations is to use zoning diagrams. Zoning is about how spaces should be clustered or separated from each other, and/or how spaces should be positioned in specific areas of the building. A good example is security zoning. Many briefs ask for spaces to be clustered according to their security level or the kind of users (see also page 85). In courthouses, for example, it will be necessary to have a strict separation between areas accessible to the public, to prisoners, and to members of the judiciary.Zoning can also relate to the liveliness or noisiness of the users activities. A kindergarten brief, for example, might ask for a quiet zone, where children can play with puzzles and games and read books, and an active zone for playing with large toys, making music and movement. The same zoning principle is often mentioned in the briefs for office projects, where there is a similar desire to separate noisy activities (chatting near the coffee machine) from quiet activities that require concentration (individual computer work). See example below. Focusroom Meetingroom PantryToiletsWorkMeetingSocial Access ElevatorZone Zone Zone Zone /stairsCloak-Copy roomFocus Project printroom roomDegree of liveliness / noiseFrom vibrant to quietFor office projects, it is common to suggest a zoning plan that distinguishes between a vibrant social zone, where people can drink coffee and chat, and a quiet work zone that is meant for individual desk work that requires concentration. In between, there may be a meeting zone with enclosed meeting rooms that act as a buffer. 37